Eczema is the general name for several types of skin conditions that are characterized by inflammation of the skin. Causes of eczema can vary and include genetic factors, food allergies, contact allergens, stress, weather changes, and infections.
In people who have a genetic predisposition to eczema, the skin may be more prone to developing inflammatory reactions when exposed to various factors.
An allergic reaction to certain substances, such as food, medications, house dust, or animals, can cause eczema in some people. Contact allergens such as metals, cosmetics, or plants can also cause eczema when in contact with the skin.
Stress and weather changes can also cause eczema to flare up in some people. Infections can cause eczema in some people, especially children.
In general, eczema is a multifactorial disease, and often its causes can vary from person to person. Treatment for eczema may include addressing the causes that cause symptoms to worsen, as well as topical or systemic medications to relieve inflammation and itching.