Acne vulgaris is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that occurs, as a rule, in young people during puberty. Acne is manifested by a violation of keratinization of sebaceous hair follicles and is accompanied by a perifollicular inflammatory reaction. Typically, acne affects young men and women aged 12 to 19 years.
Treatment of acne vulgaris
Acne vulgaris is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands that occurs, as a rule, in young people during puberty. Acne is manifested by a violation of keratinization of sebaceous hair follicles and is accompanied by a perifollicular inflammatory reaction. Typically, acne affects young men and women aged 12 to 19 years.
Symptoms of acne vulgaris
The main symptoms of acne are:
1.the presence of comedones, papules and pustules;
2. the merger of comedones and papules into continuous lesions, often with fistulas, cysts and scars.
The disease can take several forms:
1.acne fulminans - manifested by pustular and ulcerative lesions, accompanied by fever;
2. acne conglobata - characterized by the presence of fistular-abscessing lesions with scarring;
3.acne necroticans - papulonecrotic rashes on the skin of the forehead;
4.acne neonatorum - a rash observed on the cheeks in babies.
Acne vulgaris in some cases begins acutely:
1.the skin becomes covered with numerous acne, abscessing nodes appear;
2. there is weakness, headaches;
3. there is an increase in temperature.
Treatment for acne vulgaris usually depends on the form of the disease and the stage of its development. Perhaps the appointment of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs, immunomodulators, vitamins and biogenic stimulants. in each case, treatment is prescribed individually
Treatment
1. Comedones: topical tretinoin preparations
For mild acne: topical retinoids as monotherapy or with a topical antibiotic, benzoyl peroxide, or both
2. Moderate acne: oral antibiotics plus topical therapy as for mild acne
3. Severe acne: oral isotretinoin
4. Cystic acne: intralesional administration of triamcinolone
It is important for acne treatment to reduce the severity of disease, scarring and emotional distress.
Acne treatments include a range of topical and systemic medications to reduce sebaceous gland production, comedones, inflammation, bacteria, and normalize keratinization (see Table: How Different Drugs Work for Acne). The choice of treatment is usually determined by the severity of the disease; treatment options are summarized in the Acne Medication Table. See also guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris from the American Academy of Dermatology.
The affected area should be cleaned daily, but overly thorough washing, using antibacterial soaps and scrubs does not give additional effect.
A hypoglycemic diet and moderate milk intake can be considered for treatment-resistant acne in adolescents.
Exfoliating agents such as sulfur, salicylic acid, glycolic acid and resorcinol can be effective adjuncts to treatment, but are no longer widely used at this time.
Treatment should include educating the patient and aligning the plan with what is real to the patient. Treatment failures are often associated with non-adherence to the plan, as well as lack of patient follow-up. Professional advice may be needed.
